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1·Socrates assumed the existence of pre-existent essence behind some phenomenon.

苏格拉底假定了某种现象背后的“先在本质”的存在。

2·Schemata theory studies how to interpret a text by taking advantage of the reader's pre-existent knowledge.

图式理论主要研究读者如何运用“先存知识”来进行文本解读。

3·Universal creationism - the doctrine or belief that the universe was created by God out of no pre-existent entity.

通用神创论-相信宇宙是上帝在没有预先存在实体的情况下创造出来的理论学说。

4·The view Angle of rainbow holograms which are recorded using a pre existent slit or a pre existent slit with mirrors is analyzed in detail.

对用预置狭缝法和带平面反射镜的预置狭缝法制作的彩虹全息图的视角问题作了详细的讨论。

5·A new method with a pre existent slit for making rainbow holograms is presented.

提出一种新的“预置狭缝法”制作彩虹全息图。