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1·The implements were the brush pen, made of animal hair, and black inks made from pine soot and animal glue.

该实现是毛笔，动物毛的，从松树烟尘和动物胶了黑色墨水。

2·Since the Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220), ink sticks have been made from pine soot, using other procedures that include mixing with glue, steaming and molding.

自汉代(公元前206 - 220)，墨已经从松烟，使用其他程序，包括拌胶，蒸成型。