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1·The formation energy of vacancy is calculated from, the surface tension of solid.

从固体的表面张力出发，求得空位的形成能。

2·If one neglects the particle shape effect on the vacancy formation energy, the error in the final results may reach 10%.

若不考虑微粒形状对于空位形成能的影响，最终计算的空位形成能的误差可达10%。

3·It is revealed that the formation energy of growth unit and crystal lattice energy are the main factors affecting particle size.

揭示了影响晶粒粒度的主要原因为生长基元的生成能、晶体的晶格能。

4·The formation energy, phase diagram, voltage, crystal structural parameter and density of state can be calculated using VASP software package.

利用VASP软件包可计算形成能、相图、电压和材料的晶体结构参数及态密度等。

5·The formation energy and electronic structures of the series-connected C60 molecule are calculated by the ab initio density–functional theory.

利用第一原理密度泛函理论计算组装C60形成能和电子结构，用半经典隧穿理论研究了串联C60的电子输运特性。

6·It was concluded that the interior factors affecting the particle size of powders are the formation energy of growth unit and lattice energy of crystal.

揭示了影响晶粒粒度的内部原因为生长基元的生成能、晶体的晶格能。

7·The effect of the parameters reflecting formation energy as the ground stress, formation pressure, the water abundance of coal bed and the elastic energy of water body, etc.

据水动力形成机制，初步建立了盆地含煤地层压力模式，指出了形成具有较高地层能量的地质条件。

8·During the development, the production of producers is affected by many factors, such as the attenuation of formation energy, pressure sensitive effect and the attenuation of fracture flow capacity.

对于异常高压特低渗透压敏油藏注水开发困难，一般采用人工压裂依靠天然能量开发，开发过程中油井产量受地层能量衰减、压敏效应以及裂缝导流能力衰减等因素的影响。

9·The critical thickness is determined from the zero formation energy of a misfit dislocation. i. e. the amount of reduced mismatch strain energy equaling the amount of creased dislocation self energy.

利用位错形成能等于零(即错配应变能的降低等于位错自能)的条件，得到了外延生长薄膜的临界厚度。

10·Since 1914, scientists have known that birds flying in formation—a V-shape—expend less energy.

自1914年以来，科学家们已经知道，以V字形队形飞行的鸟类消耗的能量更少。