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1·The last thing you need is a disk crash or a poorly written 'rm' or 'format' command throwing all your work away.

而最后，导致你前功尽废的事件，可能就是你的磁盘怀了，或者是你不小心按下了rm,或者是按下format命令。

2·There is a variety of causes of such failure, including disk crash, power failure, software error, a fire in the machine room, or even sabotage.

发生错误的原因多样，例如磁盘故障、电源故障、软件故障、机房火灾，甚至人为破坏。

3·But for this data to be useful after a disk or server crash, it must be stored on another server.

但对于在磁盘或服务器崩溃后有用的数据，必须存储在另外一台服务器上。

4·Crash recovery is the processing of the log files, making sure all committed transactions are written to disk and uncommitted transactions are rolled back.

崩溃恢复是对日志文件进行处理，确保所有已提交的事务被写到磁盘，所有未提交的事务被回滚。

5·Persistence: message servers typically support persistence by writing messages to disk in the event of a server crash.

持久性：通常，服务器崩溃时，消息服务器通过将消息写入磁盘来支持持久性。

6·The main goal of these tests is to ensure that the software does not crash in conditions of insufficient computational resources such as memory or disk space.

这些测试的主要目的是确保软件在计算资源（比如内存或磁盘空间）不足的情况下不会崩溃。

7·Many older file systems lack journals, which often means that they require lengthy disk checks after a system crash.

许多比较老的文件系统缺少日志，这常常意味着在系统崩溃之后需要长时间的磁盘检查。

8·In crash recovery, transactions that are not committed will be rolled back while committed data will be flushed to disk.

在应急恢复中，把提交的数据刷新到磁盘时，将回滚没有提交的事务。

9·The state of the data on a disk may not be useable because when the snapshot was taken the data on the disk was considered to be crash consistent.

磁盘上数据的状态可能不可用，因为捕获快照时，磁盘上的数据被视为处于崩溃一致状态。

10·In other words, the data on a disk that is restored to a snapshot looks like the data on a disk after an operating system crash.

也就是说，恢复到快照的磁盘上的数据与操作系统崩溃前磁盘上的数据接近。