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1·In polygynous families in the Novels of Ming and Qing Dynasties, the positions of wife, concubine and servant girls were different.

作者通过对明清小说中家庭女性地位的研究，认为在男性多偶家庭中，妻、妾、婢的地位高低有别。

2·In 16 of the 19 polygynous species in their sample, males of all ages were much more likely to die during any given period than were females.

在19个一夫多妻制物种样本中，16个物种的雄性中，各个年龄阶段的样本在给定的时间段中都比雌性更易死亡。

3·The low-ranking wives in polygynous marriages should be in worse condition because they get a smaller share of their husband's resources.

一夫多妻制家庭中，由于在分享丈夫的资源时所得份额较小，地位较低的妻子境况不佳。

4·Typically, human males are 10 percent taller and 20 percent heavier than females.This suggests that, throughout history, humans have been mildly polygynous.

一般来说，人类男性比女性高10%，重20%，这表示，人类历史上一直是一种适度的一夫多妻式生物。

5·Typically, human males are 10 percent taller and 20 percent heavier than females. This suggests that, throughout history, humans have been mildly polygynous.

一般来说，人类男性比女性高10%，重20%，这表示，人类历史上一直是一种适度的一夫多妻式生物。

6·Mothers in poor condition, here lower-ranking co-wives in a polygynous marriage, may overproduce daughters because these give them greater fitness returns than sons.

贫困的母亲，在这里指一夫多妻制中地位较低的妻子，可能生更多的女孩，因其健康状况比男孩要好。

7·We apply the Trivers-Willard prediction - that mothers in poor condition will overproduce daughters - to a novel measure of condition, namely wife rank within a polygynous marriage.

Trivers-Willard 假说提出：贫穷的母亲更容易生女孩。 我们将其应用到一个研究母亲状况的新方法中—即在一夫多妻制家庭中妻子的地位。