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1·In vertebrates, the immune system provides a multiple defense against internal parasites.

在脊椎动物中，免疫系统提供了对体内寄生虫的多重防御。

2·The fossil remains of the first flying vertebrates, the pterosaurs, have intrigued paleontologists for more than two centuries.

翼龙是第一批会飞的脊椎动物，它的化石遗迹已经吸引了古生物学家两个多世纪。

3·Huxley reasoned that flying vertebrates must have been warm-blooded because flying implies a high rate of metabolism, which in turn implies a high internal temperature.

赫胥黎推断，会飞的脊椎动物一定是温血动物，因为飞行意味着较高的新陈代谢率，而新陈代谢率又意味着较高的内部温度。

4·The amount of energy that can be produced anaerobically is a function of the amount of glycogen present—in all vertebrates about 0.5 percent of their muscles' wet weight.

能以无氧方式产生的能量是存在的糖原量的功能——在所有脊椎动物中，糖原量约占其肌肉湿重的0.5%。

5·As a way of repairing some of that damage, a group of conservation biologists has proposed an ambitious, or some might say, a radical plan, involving large vertebrates, or, megafauna.

一群自然保护生物学家提出了一个雄心勃勃的计划——或者有人会说，这是一个激进的计划——即，把大型脊椎动物或巨型动物包含在计划中，作为修复部分损害的一种方法。

6·Scientists say that humans may first talk with mammals and then other vertebrates such as fish.

科学家说，人类可能会先与哺乳动物“交谈”，然后是其他脊椎动物，比如鱼。

7·In vertebrates, gap junction hemichannels are primarily homo- or hetero-hexamers of connexin proteins.

在脊椎动物中，间隙连接的半通道主要是连接蛋白的同型或异型六聚体。

8·Lampreys are the simplest living vertebrates.

七鳃鳗是一种最简单的活体脊椎动物。

9·They have no direct toxic effects on vertebrates.

它们对脊椎动物没有直接毒性作用。

10·Fish, birds and human beings are all vertebrates.

鱼、鸟和人类都是脊椎动物。

脊椎动物

1·Huxley reasoned that flying vertebrates must have been warm-blooded because flying implies a high rate of metabolism, which in turn implies a high internal temperature.

赫胥黎推断，会飞的脊椎动物一定是温血动物，因为飞行意味着较高的新陈代谢率，而新陈代谢率又意味着较高的内部温度。

2·As a way of repairing some of that damage, a group of conservation biologists has proposed an ambitious, or some might say, a radical plan, involving large vertebrates, or, megafauna.

一群自然保护生物学家提出了一个雄心勃勃的计划——或者有人会说，这是一个激进的计划——即，把大型脊椎动物或巨型动物包含在计划中，作为修复部分损害的一种方法。

3·They have no direct toxic effects on vertebrates.

它们对脊椎动物没有直接毒性作用。

4·And because of their size and few predators, whales and other big Marine vertebrates can efficiently export carbon from the surface waters to the deep sea.

而且由于其体积大，鲜有天敌，鲸鱼和其它大型海洋脊椎动物可以有效地吸收海水表层的碳，将其输出到深海。

5·The backs of vertebrates evolved as a kind of horizontal pole under which guts were slung.

进化的脊椎动物的背部就像一个水平杆，内脏就悬挂在这水平杆上。