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1·Many of these transition into privileged mode, perform the operation, and smoothly return to user mode.

这些常式的大部分会转换为授权模式、执行作业，并且顺利地回到使用者模式。

2·Some kernel code is needed to use the SPUs from a Linux application, since the controlling registers are only accessible from the PPE in privileged mode.

在 Linux 程序中使用 SPU 需要使用一部分内核代码，因为控制寄存器只能从 PPE 中使用特权模式进行访问。

3·Recall that kernel mode represents the privileged mode for code execution, while user mode represents the non-privileged mode (for programs running outside the kernel).

回想一下内核模式表示代码执行的特权模式，而用户模式则表示非特权模式（用于那些运行在内核之外的程序）。

4·The Linux kernel is what's known as a monolithic kernel, which means that the majority of the operating system functionality is called the kernel and runs in a privileged mode.

Linux就是通常所说的单内核(monolithic kernel)，即操作系统的大部分功能都被称为内核，并在特权模式下运行。

5·Kernel space is flagged in the page tables as exclusive to privileged code (ring 2 or lower), hence a page fault is triggered if user-mode programs try to touch it.

系统内核所使用的内存空间通过特权码（privileged code，2级或者更低）来标记，以防止用户模式的程序访问到内核空间而发生页面错误。

6·Kernel space is flagged in the page tables as exclusive to privileged code (ring 2 or lower), hence a page fault is triggered if user-mode programs try to touch it.

内核空间被标记在页表中的独家特权代码(环2或更低)，因此一个页面故障被触发，如果用户模式的程序试图去触摸它。