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1·Conclusion: CNTF is of trophic function on muscle cells in culture.

结论：CNTF对体外骨骼肌细胞具有营养作用。

2·In this paper, fuzzy number operation was used in identifying trophic type of lake.

本文提出了应用模糊数运算判别湖泊营养状态的类型。

3·Objective To investigate the clinical effects of trophic feeding in preterm infants.

目的探讨早产儿微量营养性喂养的临床作用。

4·Reviews on the trophic modes and factors affecting photosynthesis of Spirulina was made.

本文就螺旋藻的营养方式及光合作用的影响因素作了较为全面的综述。

5·The next best way to quantify the amount of protoplasm in each trophic level is to weigh it.

确定每一个营养阶层原生质总量的第二个好办法是称重。

6·Recent data showed 57.5% lakes were in eutrophic and hyper trophic status of the 40 surveyed lakes.

比来的数据显现，57.5%的湖泊富营养化和高的40个湖泊的营养状况停止查询拜访。

7·This results in an increasing concentration of insecticide in organisms at the higher trophic levels.

这就导致在更高营养级上的有机体中，农药的浓度增加。

8·To learn from peasants is to re-stitch the trophic chain and turn fertilization into water purification.

向农民学习，就是要缝合这个被切断的营养链，让施肥的过程也成为净化水体的过程。

9·These trials did not provide any evidence that early trophic feeding affected feed tolerance or growth rates.

这些试验尚未证明早期营养性喂养对喂养耐受性和发育率有影响。

10·Producers are often referred to as being in the first trophic level and are called autotrophs by the heterotrophs.

生产者通常被称为第一营养级，被异养称为自养。

营养的

1·This paper reviewed some, recent progress in the assessment of water eutrophication, including model designing, application of trophic and biological indexes.

本文综述了近年来水体富营养化评价的一些进展，其中包括模型制作、营养和生物指数的应用。

2·The ecosystem appears to be a young weak one caused by overfishing, with small and low-valued fishes dominated and low ecotrophic efficiency for trophic level I.

系统受过度捕捞渔业影响很大，并存在营养级I利用效率低和渔业资源小型化、低值化等不稳定的幼态特征。

3·Stable isotopic characteristics of fatty acid and amino acid can reveal trophic structures, matter and energy flow processes of Marine food webs in detail.

通过脂肪酸、氨基酸等分子的稳定同位素特征，可以更细致更准确地了解食物网的营养结构、物质和能量的传递过程。

4·Up-regulation of jejunal IGF-1 and IGF-IR expression during refeeding suggests a role for the IGF action pathway in gut trophic responses to enteral nutrients.

再喂养时空肠IGF-1和IGF-IR表达的向上调节表明，IGF作用途径在对肠内营养物产生肠道营养反应的过程中起作用。

5·Hunting food behavior of natural enemy depends on information from various trophic levels, especially chemical information.

天敌搜寻食物的行为依赖于来自不同营养阶层上的信息，化学信息起重要作用。

(1)trophic level营养级；食性层次