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1·The association of horseshoe kidney with left inferior vena cava is rare.

马蹄型肾合并左下腔静脉是相当罕见的病例。

2·Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis is an uncommon tumor that is associated with calculi, chronic infection and perhaps with horseshoe kidney.

肾盂鳞状细胞癌不多见，常合并结石、慢性炎症或马蹄肾。

3·Purpose:To investigate the diagnosis and the treatment of renal cell carcinoma(RCC) in horseshoe kidney and evaluate the relationship between the embryology of the horseshoe kidney and tumorogenesis.

目的：探讨马蹄形肾并发肾细胞癌的诊断与治疗，并结合胚胎发生学进展初步分析其发生的可能原因。

4·Here is a horseshoe kidney.

这是一个马蹄形的肾脏。