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1·A gynoecium with only one carpel is called monocarpellary; with two or more separate carpel, apocarpous; and with fused carpels syncarpous.

只有一个心皮的雌蕊称单心皮， 具两个或更多分离的心皮称离生心皮。

2·A group of families or trees and shrubs and herbs having well-developed perianths and apocarpous ovaries and generally regarded as the most primitive extant flowering plants;

一组乔木灌木和草本植物目，有良好的花被和心皮连生的子房，通常被视为现存最原始的开花植物；