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1·The object's apparent brightness yields the distance; its redshift yields the velocity.

这些天体的视亮度可以得到距离，它们的红移可以得出速度。

2·The distance to such an object can be worked out by comparing its apparent brightness with its known, absolute brightness.

经过比较表观亮度和已知的绝对亮度，即可得出该天体和我们的距离。

3·Deferring to historical custom, astronomers, measure the apparent brightness of stars through the magnitude scale, a very confusing way.

按照历史习惯，天文学家用星等标这种容易使人混淆的方法来度量恒星的视亮度。

4·That unexpected finding was the result of studies of supernovas whose apparent brightness (and therefore distance) did not match the previous theory.

这个出乎意料的发现是因为发现超新星的亮度(表示距离)和以前的理论不相符。

5·This is the first study in the world to use the reflection of the Earth to measure the effect of continents and oceans on the apparent brightness of a planet.

这是世界上首次利用地照来研究陆地和海洋对行星表面亮度的影响。 在其他研究中，已经使用色谱和红外传感技术来确认植物以及进行气候监测。

6·When viewing extended objects, the apparent brightness seen in the eyepiece is a function only of aperture and magnification, it is not related to focal ratio.

当观察扩展光源时，目镜中所看到的亮度只跟孔径和放大率有关，它跟焦比并没有关系。

7·Aside from the sheer novelty of it, such observations are useful in gauging the apparent sky brightness and transparency during totality.

暂且不说它有多么地新奇，全食时的这种观测，在精确计量视天空亮度和透明度时也是很有用的。

8·As an appendix, expression for escape sign, size of Graph and letter, colour, brightness, brightness contrast, visibility and apparent distance are also listed from technical requirements.

作为附录，还列出了疏散标志的表示方法、图形文字尺寸、颜色、亮度、亮度比、可见度、视距等技术要求。

9·Galileo first noted the changes of phase with his telescope. But the real importance of this was the phases were correlated with the brightness changes in Venus and the apparent size of Venus.

伽利略是第一个用他的天文望远镜发现金星的蜕变阶段的，但这不是最重要的，真正重要的是蜕变跟金星的亮度和表面大小有关。