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1·The problem of cracks, which is caused in structures by deforming effect, such as hydration heat, shrinkage, temperature difference of atmosphere, is very important and complicated.

由于变形作用(水化热、收缩、气温差)引起工程结构的裂缝是很复杂并很重要的问题。

2·The early cracking of concrete is usually caused by dry shrinkage, autogenous shrinkage of cement hydration and thermal-strain by hydration heat of cement.

混凝土的早期开裂主要是由于混凝土失水所产生的干燥收缩、水泥水化所产生的混凝土自收缩以及水泥水化热所产生的温度应变所引起。

3·The chemical shrinkage caused by cement hydration may bring out the volume change of mortar and concrete, and the appearance of cracking.

水泥水化反应引起的化学收缩会引起砂浆及混凝土的体积变化，可能会导致收缩裂缝的产生。

4·The results show that AS cement possesses high early strength, low hydration heat and durability, but its shrinkage rate is higher than that of portland cement.

结果表明，碱-矿渣水泥具有早强、高强、低水化热和高耐久性等优良性能，但是干缩较大；

5·High Performance cementitious material is specially used for high Performance concrete. Propetties of that are high strength, low water demand, low hydration heat and low shrinkage.

高性能胶凝材料主要用于高性能混凝土，具有强度高、需水量小、水化垫低和收缩小等特点。

6·High Performance Concrete (HPC) has significant self-shrinkage due to the consumption of water caused by the cement hydration.

高性能混凝土具有严重的自收缩现象。

7·With the hydration of cement and liquid loss after backfill process being completed, the grout volumes shrinkage leads to ground loss and induces the ground movement.

注浆完成后随浆体水泥水化反应的进行和浆体水分的渗透损失，浆体体积收缩造成地层损失并引起地层位移沉降。

8·The types of those cracks are summarized as three kinds: plastic shrinkage cracking, dry shrinkage cracking and hydration heat cracking.

将引起混凝土裂缝的类型归纳为塑性收缩开裂 ，干燥收缩开裂 ，水化热开裂三种 ，并对其表象及成因进行了阐述。