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1·The system scope of application lies in the limit of misfeasance and malefaction.

其特点是在适用范围上以违法犯罪行为为限；

2·The causality of criminal law is defined as the interactive relation between the objective existing malefaction and result according to constitutive requirements.

刑法的因果关系，是客观存在的符合构成要件的危害行为与危害结果之间的引起与被引起的关系。