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1·First is for the economies of scope or synergy effect.

第一为利用范围经济或协同效果。

2·Knowledge spillovers not only has economies of scale, but also has economies of scope.

知识溢出不仅具有规模经济，而且还具有范围经济和联结经济。

3·The results indicate that there exists the positive correlation between economies of scope and the scale of Banks.

并且，范围经济系数与银行资产规模呈正相关关系，规模较大的银行在扩大经营范围时更容易获得范围收益。

4·Different from economies of scale, the economies of scope are not often the result that the firm pursues sedulously.

和规模经济不同，范围经济的出现往往并不是厂商刻意追求的结果。

5·Use the economics principle to explain this paradox of value. 3, the enterprises with economies of scope must gain economies of scale.

运用所学经济学原理解释这一价值悖论。3、存在范围经济的企业一定存在规模经济。

6·We also conclude that the level of division of labor is determined by the Trade off between economies of specialization and economies of scope.

专业化经济与范围经济的权衡最终确定最优分工水平；从非排它性要素的配置说明了范围经济对分工的限制。

7·The natural monopoly is mainly shown as economies of scale, economies of scope, economies of network and sunk cost, etc, but its basic characteristic is the subadditivity of cost.

自然垄断的特征与规模经济、范围经济、网络经济和沉没成本有着紧密联系，但其根本特征是成本的劣加性。

8·As financial enterprises, Commercial Banks' economies of scope determine their space and chances of economizing cost and increasing benefit with the multi-business diversification.

商业银行作为金融企业，其范围经济的大小决定了它实行多元化经营以节约成本、提高效益的空间与机会。

9·The scope for increasing exports is limited by the process of debt reduction in other rich economies.

受到其在其他富有国家减少债务进程的影响，美国增加出口产品的范围是有限的。

10·Scale economies of the banking describes the relationship between scale and cost-revenue, while scope economies refers to the cost-revenue when Banks offer sorts of products and operations.

银行业规模经济能够刻画银行业的规模与成本效益的关系，范围经济能够刻画银行业提供多种业务的成本收益状况。