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1·Fresh wax will make it will ride faster and actually protect the base from abrasion caused by granular snow.

打蜡会使滑板滑行更快并且在颗粒雪中给底板提供确实的保护。

2·With further melting, refreezing, and increased weight from newer snowfall above, the snow reaches a granular recrystallized stage intermediate between flakes and ice known as firn.

随着进一步的融化、再结冰，以及上方新的降雪增加的重量，这些雪变成再次结晶阶段的颗粒状中间物，介于小薄片与冰块之间，被称作万年雪。

3·Firn: granular partially consolidated snow that has passed through one summer melt season but is not yet glacial ice.

粒雪，万年雪：经过一个夏季的溶化期但仍未成冰川的粒状且部分沉固的雪。