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1·The current hpilological knowledge system is composed of langue and parole, and its emphasis is on conecpts.

语文知识是反映语文及其学习规律的一系列规则。

2·And beyond all these lie two basic series of binary oppositions of Structuralism: langue and parole, the signifier and the signified.

在他们具体的阐释背后，可以窥见结构主义文论最基本的两组二元对立项：语言与言语、能指与所指。

3·After a review of the history of the dichotomy of langue and parole in the study of language, this article criticizes the research paradigm of structuralists and that of pragmaticists.

本文在追溯了语言学研究中“语言”与“言语”二分的历史渊源之后，对传统结构主义语言学重“语言”而轻“言语”的研究范式和后来的语用学派对这种范式的反拨分别进行了述评。

4·What linguists should do is to abstract langue from parole, i. e. to discover the regularities governing the actual use of language and make them the subjects of study of linguistics.

语言是一个语言社会的所有成员共同使用的抽象语言系统。言语是对于这些抽象语言系统的实际运用。