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1·Misfiring of the ideal first firing cycle has a strong effect on HC and start-up speed in cold start.

发动机理想的首次着火循环失火对起动时的HC排放和转速影响最大。

2·It is also found that the fuel consumption increases with the decrease of firing cycle time, and cutting down the air infiltration will be helpful for saving fuel.

同时， 不同的火焰循环时间和空气渗漏对焙烧的能耗影响较大， 降低火焰循环时间将导致能耗增加， 而降低空气渗漏量则可极大地降低能耗。

3·The results show that a proper increase of residual gas fraction could promote ignition and combustion stability of first firing cycle significantly during cold start.

结果表明，通过调节排气门关闭正时，适当增大缸内残余废气量，可显著改善起动过程初始着火循环的着火燃烧性能和提高起动过程缸内燃烧的稳定性。