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1·For decreasing the computational scale, adjoint variable method is proposed to solve the sensitivity analysis based on FEM.

结合数字信号处理技术以及数值分析方法，解决了结构优化求解规模巨大的难点。

2·The adjoint variable method for design sensitivity analysis of multibody system dynamics based on ordinary differential equations is presented.

基于常微分方程数学模型建立了多体系统动力学设计灵敏度分析的伴随变量方法。

3·In a general case, the continuous problem and corresponding discrete form are formulated, in which the so called adjoint variable is introduced and then the adjoint equation is derived.

在一般化的意义上，给出了连续问题及其相应的离散形式。引入伴随变量，并由此导出伴随方程。